Bhagat Singh was a prominent freedom fighter of India. The courage with which Bhagat Singh fought the mighty British government for the independence of the country is a great role model for the youth of today. He also refused to run away by throwing a bomb in the Central Parliament (Central Assembly). As a result of which he was hanged on 23 March 1931 along with his two other companions, Rajguru and Sukhdev.
The whole country remembered his sacrifice very seriously. First the Saunders-Slaughter in Lahore and then the Explosion of the Central Assembly in Delhi with Chandrashekhar Azad and other members of the Party gave rise to an open rebellion against the British Empire. Bhagat Singh was interested in anarchist and Marxist ideology.
Early Life:
Bhagat Singh was born on 27 September 1907. His father's name was Sardar Kishan Singh and mother's name was Vidyavati Kaur. It was a Sikh family. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre that took place in Amritsar on April 13, 1919 had a profound effect on Bhagat Singh's thinking. Leaving the National College of Lahore, Bhagat Singh founded the Naujawan Bharat Sabha for the independence of India. Bhagat Singh was so agitated by the hanging of 4 revolutionaries including Ram Prasad 'Bismil' and the imprisonment of 16 others in the Kakori incident that along with Pandit Chandrashekhar Azad, his party joined Hindustan Republican Association and gave it a new name Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
His family was politically active. His grandfather Arjun Singh was a follower of Dayanand Saraswati in his campaign for the reconstruction of the Hindu Arya Samaj. This had a great impact on Bhagat Singh. Bhagat Singh's father and uncle were also members of the Ghadar Party run by Kartar Singh and Har Dayal Singh. Arjit Singh was exiled due to many legal cases, while Swaran Singh died in Lahore in 1910 after being released from jail.
In 1919, when he was only 12 years old, thousands of unarmed people were killed in Singh Jallianwala Bagh. When he was 14 years old, he was one of those people who used to kill the British for their defense or for the defense of the country. Bhagat Singh never adopted the element of non-violence of Mahatma Gandhi, he believed that it is very important to be violent to get freedom. He always opposed Gandhiji's campaign of non-violence, because according to him, the reason behind the killing of the villagers in the Chauri Chaura massacre of 1922 was to be non-violent. Since then, Bhagat Singh, along with some youth, started a revolutionary campaign whose main objective was to violently end the British Raj.
Bhagat Singh had the inspiration to serve the country since childhood. He always opposed the British Raj. And at that age, he did a revolutionary movement at that age. We will get to see many stories of Bhagat Singh's bravery in history. He himself was brave but he had made his comrades also brave and the British had to be washed away even in his short life. He is the role model of Indian youth and today's youth should also try to be like them.
Bhagat Singh first joined the Naujawan Bharat Sabha. When his family members assured him that they would no longer think of their marriage, Bhagat Singh returned to his home in Lahore. There he interacted with the people of Kirti Kisan Party, and started working for their magazine "Kirti". He used to convey his message to the youth of the country through this, Bhagat ji was a very good writer, who also used to write for Punjabi Urdu paper, in 1926 Bhagat Singh was made secretary in Naujawan Bharat Sabha.
After this, in 1928, he joined the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), a fundamental party, which was formed by Chandrashekhar Azad. The whole party together opposed the Simon Commission which came to India on 30 October 1928, in which Lala Lajpat Rai was also with him. They stood at the Lahore railway station, shouting "Go back Simon". After which there was a lathi charge, in which Lala ji was badly injured and then he died.
To avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, Bhagat Singh, along with revolutionary partner Batukeshwar Dutt, threw bombs and pamphlets to escape the British government on 8 April 1929 in the Parliament House, the auditorium of the then Central Assembly of British India in present-day New Delhi. . After throwing the bomb, both of them also gave their arrest there. And he was also jailed for 116 days. Bhagat Singh did not believe in the non-violence of Mahatma Gandhi. On 23 March 1931, Bhagat Singh and his two companions Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged at around 7.33 in the evening. And even while dying, he had happily welcomed death by kissing the noose of the gallows.
On 8 April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly building during the Central Legislative Assembly session. No one was harmed by the bomb. Instead of fleeing from the scene, he deliberately gave the arrest. During his hearing, Bhagat Singh refused to appoint any defense counsel. In jail, he went on a hunger strike to protest against the inhuman treatment being meted out to fellow political prisoners by the jail authorities. On 7 October 1930, Bhagat Singh, Sukh Dev and Raj Guru were sentenced to death by a special court. Bhagat Singh and his companions were hanged early in the morning on 23 March 1931, despite immense pressure and many appeals by all the political leaders of India.
In 1921, when Mahatma Gandhi called for non-cooperation movement against British rule, Bhagat Singh left his studies and became active in the movement. In the year 1922, when Mahatma Gandhi called off the non-cooperation movement after the violence at Chauri-Chaura in Gorakhpur, Bhagat Singh was very disappointed. His faith in non-violence weakened and he came to the conclusion that armed revolution was the only useful way to achieve freedom. To continue his studies, Bhagat Singh took admission in the National School established by Lala Lajpat Rai in Lahore. This school was the center of revolutionary activities and here he came in contact with Bhagwati Charan Verma, Sukhdev and other revolutionaries.
Bhagat Singh wrote many letters during his nearly two years in jail. And in many of his articles, he had strongly condemned the exploitative policies of the capitalists. In the prison, the prisoners were kept in raw food and unclean exile. Bhagat Singh and his comrades called for a fast unto death against this atrocity – a hunger strike. And continued the hunger strike for almost two months (64 days). In the end the British government surrendered-And he was forced to accept the demands of Bhagat Singh and his companions. But revolutionary Yatindranath Das was martyred due to hunger strike.
Out of all the accused arrested in the Kakori incident, four were sentenced to death and, the other sixteen accused were given life imprisonment. This news turned Bhagat Singh into the blazing embers of revolution. And after that Bhagat Singh called for the new party "Hindustan Socialist Republican Association" by merging his party "Naujawan Bharat Sabha" with "Hindustan Republican Association".
Interesting Facts about Bhagat Singh:
• In childhood, when Bhagat Singh used to go to the farm with his father, he used to ask why we cannot grow guns in the ground.
• At the time of Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Bhagat Singh was only 12 years old. This incident made Bhagat Singh a revolutionary forever.
• Bhagat Singh had established 'National Youth Organization' during his college days.
• Bhagat Singh was also a good actor during his college days. He took part in many plays. Bhagat Singh was also fond of wrestling.
• Bhagat Singh was also a good writer, he used to write regularly for many newspapers in Urdu and Punjabi language.
• Saddened by the Hindu-Muslim riots, Bhagat Singh declared that he was an atheist.
• Bhagat Singh loved watching movies and eating Rasgulla. He used to go to see films with Rajguru and Yashpal whenever he got a chance. I loved Charlie Chaplin movies.
• The slogan of 'Inquilab Zindabad' was given by Bhagat Singh.
• Bhagat Singh's last wish was that he should be shot to death. However, his wish was also ignored by the British government.
Ideas:
• I am a human and I mean anything that affects humanity.
• The sanctity of the law can be maintained only as long as it expresses the will of the people.
• Revolution is an indispensable right of mankind. Freedom is a never-ending birth-right of all. Labor is the real sustainer of society.
• Life is lived on its own… Only funerals are raised on the shoulders of others.
• Evil does not increase because evil people have increased, but evil increases because people who tolerate evil have increased.
• Every particle of ashes is moving with my heat. I am such a lunatic who is free even in prison.
• My pen is so full of my feelings that whenever I want to write love, It always writes Inquilab.
